This analysis provides an overview of the most significant developments in the North Korean economy in July of this year. It surveys the state of affairs within the following areas: policy (domestic and international), trade, and market prices. Note: this analysis includes some developments from the first weeks of August.

Broadly, North Korea continued to be under relatively strong sanctions pressure throughout July, judging by currently available information, with evasion and lax enforcement providing continuous but not sufficient breathing room. Russia and China were increasingly vocal in their opposition to sustained and extended sanctions by the United States