The UN’s most recent resolution on North Korea further tightened the sanctions environment around the country’s metal and mineral exports.

While Resolutions 2321’s primary focus is on limiting the DPRK’s coal revenues, the new document also designates “copper, nickel, silver and zinc”.

The designations have no livelihood clauses and are not up for case by case review by the 1718 Committee as with some other restrictions.

“Member States shall prohibit the procurement of such material from the DPRK by their nationals, or using their flag vessels or aircraft,” paragraph 28 of the