The first part of this series surveyed the wide variety of sanctions put on the DPRK by the UN and the relevant countries. Taken together, the result is a confused mess, where details of prohibited items stretch into hundreds of pages, but where experts are still not sure whether Korean nuclear scientists training in a Russian nuclear research institute constitutes a sanctions violation or not.

However, it is nonetheless possible to identify several distinct strategies among the sanctions, some of which fundamentally conflict.

The sender country’s choice of sanctions strategy against the DPRK depends