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January 10, 2025

About the author

Peter Ward

Peter Ward

Peter Ward is a research fellow at the Sejong Institute. His work focuses on North Korean politics, the economy and society. He has a Ph.D. from the University of Vienna.

More articles by 'Peter Ward'

“Belt-tightening” ahead? The North Korean economy at the party plenum
NK PRO

“Belt-tightening” ahead? The North Korean economy at the party plenum

Concrete details were thin on the ground, though the state's new "Prospective Goals" are worth watching

“Belt-tightening” ahead? The North Korean economy at the party plenum
Peter Ward
Peter Ward January 6, 2020
North Korea’s exchange rate regime: understanding a silent revolution
NK PRO

North Korea’s exchange rate regime: understanding a silent revolution

Since 2013, 'three-and-a-half' rates, including a previously illegal market exchange rate, have entered into use

North Korea’s exchange rate regime: understanding a silent revolution
Peter Ward
Peter Ward December 27, 2019
North Korea’s Central Bank: lender, regulator, and inflation fighter
NK PRO

North Korea’s Central Bank: lender, regulator, and inflation fighter

Relatively unimportant before marketization, the Central Bank's rise reflects the increasing power of money in the DPRK

North Korea’s Central Bank: lender, regulator, and inflation fighter
Peter Ward
Peter Ward November 14, 2019
Strengthening state control, North Korea partially scraps foreign trade reforms
NK PRO

Strengthening state control, North Korea partially scraps foreign trade reforms

Recent revisions to Foreign Trade Act point to a rollback of key planks in the Kim Jong Un-era reform agenda

Strengthening state control, North Korea partially scraps foreign trade reforms
Peter Ward
Peter Ward October 29, 2019
The seventh congress: a Workers’ Party meeting delayed for over three decades

The seventh congress: a Workers’ Party meeting delayed for over three decades

The event, originally planned for 1986, was pushed back, then shelved, and then finally revived and held in 2016

The seventh congress: a Workers’ Party meeting delayed for over three decades
Peter Ward
Peter Ward October 23, 2019
New book confirms radical changes to North Korean foreign exchange rate system

New book confirms radical changes to North Korean foreign exchange rate system

Recently-released publication offers a rare window into the world of the DPRK monetary policy

New book confirms radical changes to North Korean foreign exchange rate system
Peter Ward
Peter Ward October 22, 2019
This is what sanctions enforcement looks like: maximum pressure and prices
NK PRO

This is what sanctions enforcement looks like: maximum pressure and prices

Data reveals the wider impact of an effective oil embargo in late 2017

This is what sanctions enforcement looks like: maximum pressure and prices
Peter Ward
Peter Ward September 15, 2019
The North Korean oil market: an analysis of the data
NK PRO

The North Korean oil market: an analysis of the data

Trends indicate fuel prices remain relatively stable and only loosely linked to global prices

The North Korean oil market: an analysis of the data
Peter Ward
Peter Ward August 27, 2019
How the North Korean state could make life easier for the “Donju”
NK PRO

How the North Korean state could make life easier for the “Donju”

DPRK policymakers have a range of ways to expand opportunities for the entrepreneurial class

How the North Korean state could make life easier for the “Donju”
Peter Ward
Peter Ward July 18, 2019
What to expect at this week’s fifth Kim-Xi summit
NK PRO

What to expect at this week’s fifth Kim-Xi summit

Talks in Pyongyang come at a critical time for both sides, though concrete outcomes may be limited

What to expect at this week’s fifth Kim-Xi summit
Peter Ward
Peter Ward June 18, 2019
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