South Korean President Moon Jae-in gave a speech in Germany on Thursday, elaborating on his own version of the “Berlin Doctrine” espoused by former President Kim Dae-jung 17 years ago.

In the speech, he reiterated that Seoul remains committed to engaging Pyongyang, despite its recent intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) launch, but that its patience was wearing thin.

Speaking ahead of a G20 summit in Hamburg, Moon said that it may be the “last chance for Pyongyang to make the right choice,” adding that Seoul may soon have no other option but to opt for harsh pressure unless the North stops its nuclear